Pardeep
๑۩۩๑┼●ℛŐŶ
Apparently every person’s blood looks more or less the same but when analyzed under a microscope, distinct differences, in all blood groups, are visible. Noble prize holder Austrian scientist named Karl Landsteiner classified blood according to those differences. This classification of blood groups was done in the early 20th century. On the surface of red blood sells two distinct chemical molecules were present and Landsteiner labeled one molecule “A” and the other “B”. Red blood cell, in which, only “A” molecules were present, was called “A” type blood. If the red blood cell only had “B” molecules on it that blood was named type “B”. If both the molecules “A” and “B” were present on the blood surface that type was called “AB” and if the blood had neither “A” and nor “B” molecule, that blood was named type “O” blood. Type “O” blood can be given to any blood type as it is most likely to be accepted by all blood types; however, there is still a risk involved. If two different blood types are mixed together, this can cause a potentially fatal situation, because, in such case, the blood cells may start to clump together in the blood vessels. A person with type A blood can donate blood to a person with type A or type AB. A person with type B blood can give blood to a person with type B or type AB. A person with type AB blood can donate blood to a person with type AB only. A person with type O blood can donate to anyone. A person with type A blood can receive blood from a person with type A or type O. A person with type B blood can take blood from a person with type B or type O. When it comes to blood diffussion , there are two special types of blood group, type “AB” and type “O’. A person with type AB blood can receive blood from anyone, a person with type AB blood is known as a universal receiver. A person with type O blood can receive blood from a person with type O only. Type O negative blood is the preferred type for accident victims and babies needing exchange transfusions and there is always a need for Type O donors because their blood may be transfused to a person of any blood type in an emergency. However patients should ideally receive their own blood or type-specific blood products to minimize the chance of a transfusion reaction. The best thing is to cross matching blood, before any kind of blood diffusion but in case of emergencies this can be skipped. Cross-matching is mixing a sample of donor’s red blood cells with the sample of recipient’s serum and checking it under the microscope, if the mixture forms clumps, then that particular recipient cannot take blood from this particular donor. The blood type of an individual should be included in his identification tag. People with African origin, generally, have this rare blood type called Duffy negative, this blood type is not easy available in rest of the world, other example of rare blood type is , RhD negative, its availability is rare , particularly in East Asia. While travelling to that part of the world, high risk is involved for people with this type of blood. Research says individuals with type “A” blood are at a somewhat higher risk of contracting smallpox and developing cancer of the esophagus, pancreas, and stomach. People who are type O are at a higher risk for contracting cholera and plague as well as developing duodenal and peptic ulcers. It is further stated that type “O” are also tastier to mosquitoes. That could be a significant factor in contracting malaria.