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Both, Renignald Dyer and Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab, Sir Michael O’Dwyer ( whom Udham Singh assassinated ), had knighthood conferred on them.
Renignald Dyer shared the prejudices of Whites against coloured races. In Burma, for every White soldier killed by a sniper, they destroyed his entire village, killing everyone, including women and children. Coloured races were to him, as Kipling put it, "lesser breeds without the law". They deserved to be treated as naughty children and pinched on their bare bottoms if they behaved badly. It was with this kind of mindset that Colonel Reginald Dyer found himself posted in Jalandhar as Brigadier-General, with Amritsar in his military jurisdiction, when political agitation rose to a fever-pitch in the first few days of April 1919.
On April 10, the city went up in flames. Civil authorities and the police were unable to restore law and order. Without so much as a by your leave, Reginald Dyer came over from Jalandhar and put the city under military rule. All processions and meetings were banned. When he heard that a large crowd upwards of 20,000 people had assembled at Jallianwala Bagh—a seven-acre plot enclosed on all sides by high walls with only one narrow entrance—he marched his soldiers to the site. Then, without warning the assemblage to disperse, he ordered his men to open fire. The firing continued for 15 minutes, killing between 350 and 500 men, women and children. By then it was evening and a curfew had been imposed on the city. He left the dead with the dying and the grievously wounded where they were lying and drove back to his office-cum-bungalow in Rambagh. In those 15 minutes he had wiped out whatever little goodwill the British had in India.
Reginald Dyer never had any sense of guilt for what he had done. He had men flogged in public, crawl on their bellies in the lanes of Amritsar. He was convinced he had saved India for the British Empire. In this, he had the complete backing of the Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab, Sir Michael O’Dwyer.
He successfully exploited the Sikhs by bestowing favours on them and keeping them aloof from the the Hindus and Muslims. He visited the Golden Temple and was given a saropa by the Sarbrah, Aroor Singh, in the presence of Sundar Singh Majitha. He was offered conversion to Sikhism without having to grow his hair and beard or quit smoking. He politely declined the offer.
Reginald Dyer had many supporters in England. The English Morning Post opened a fund for him. So did British-owned papers in India: The Statesman, The Pioneer and The Civil and Military Gazette, and Rangoon Times. Contributions poured in, till the total was close to £30,000. In addition, he was even presented a Sword of Honour for saving India for the British Empire.
He suffered a severe stroke which he survived it to live another five years, pushed around in a wheelchair, keeping awake all day and night, reading. His died a natural but painful death on Saturday, July 23, 1925.
Thanks
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