Headache: causes and prevention tips

Headaches are a result of irritation of nerves and pain sensitive structures such as the nerves arising from the brain, the blood vessels and muscles in the head and neck region.



Headaches are associated with vascular disease like haemorrhage and some forms of hypertension. It is also associated with systemic infection – malaria and referred pain from eye, ears.



Headache caused due to metabolic disorders that is less oxygen and more carbon-dioxide in blood due to lung disease.



Most important are headaches associated with raised pressure in the head which includes headache with tumours. These headaches are recognised by the presence of associated neurologic deficit such as weakness in one leg or vision loss.



A detailed history of headaches is essential. The patient should maintain a record of headaches, and an account of sleep, diet, emotional episodes and other contributing factors, leading to headaches.



Maintaining proper diet and regular exercising at a fixed time of the day help prevent headaches.



Stretch frequently if your job requires you to remain seated for long periods of time.



Avoid eating food that triggers headache. Chocolate, wine and aged cheeses can trigger headaches.



Do yoga and meditation regularly to avoid headaches. Performing yoga would help you to manage stress.



You should go to bed every night at a decent time, and make sure you get at least 8 hours of sleep.



Don't drink caffeine. Stay away from sodas and coffee that contain caffeine, which restricts blood vessels and causes headaches.



Head massage can also provide relief to headaches. A head massage makes you feel relaxed and calms you mind and revitalise the brain and body. It also improves blood circulation in different parts of your head.

Ice packs have been used for years to treat headaches and they still work. You usually find ice packs at your drugstore. A cold rag on your neck or forehead can also work wonders.



Get your teeth checked regularly. Periodic headaches may be linked to a dental problem.



Pain killers suppress the pain, without affording it a permanent cure. And when the pain resurfaces, it will arrive with double force.



Ventilate your home and workplace.



A neurological examination involving assessment of the cranial nerves, reflexes and brain function is essential. Other tests that may be asked for include CT scan or MRI. Blood tests including a complete blood count and chemistry profile may also be helpful.

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